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Andrew Carnegie (1835–1919) was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist who became one of the wealthiest individuals of his time through the expansion of the steel industry in the United States. Rising from humble beginnings as a poor immigrant, Carnegie built Carnegie Steel Company, which played a pivotal role in the industrialization of America before being sold to J.P. Morgan in 1901 to form U.S. Steel. Known for his belief in the Gospel of Wealth, he dedicated the latter part of his life to philanthropy, donating vast sums to education, libraries, and scientific research, including funding over 2,500 public libraries worldwide. Despite his ruthless business tactics, his legacy remains one of innovation, economic transformation, and large-scale philanthropy, shaping both industry and society.