In the annals of human history, the harnessing of wind and water as sources of power stands as a testament to human ingenuity, resourcefulness, and technological innovation. From the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt to the classical empires of Greece and Rome, early societies recognized the potential of windmills and watermills to drive mechanical processes such as milling, grinding, and pumping. In this exploration, we delve into the early developments in harnessing wind and water as sources of power in ancient civilizations, tracing the origins, evolution, and impact of these pioneering technologies on the course of human history.