The Chimú Empire, one of the most prominent pre-Columbian civilizations of the northern coast of Peru, flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries. This advanced civilization is known for its impressive urban centers, most notably the capital city of Chan Chan, which remains the largest adobe city in the world. At its height, the Chimú Empire controlled vast territories, from the southern border of the Moche Valley to the northern regions of present-day Ecuador. The empire was characterized by its highly structured society, advanced technology, and unique artistic traditions, which helped shape the cultural landscape of the Andean region.

The roots of the Chimú Empire trace back to the Moche culture, which had a significant influence on the development of the Chimú. However, the Chimú people took the foundational knowledge of their predecessors and expanded upon it, creating a powerful and sophisticated society. They established a series of city-states along the coast, which were eventually unified under the leadership of a single ruler, the Chimú king, who governed from Chan Chan.

The Chimú Empire's political structure was highly organized, with a well-defined hierarchy that ranged from the elite rulers to the common people. The king, or "Sapa Chimú," was considered the most powerful figure, acting as both a political and spiritual leader. The empire was divided into regions, each overseen by local lords who managed administrative and religious duties within their territories. This hierarchical structure helped maintain control over the vast lands and resources of the empire.