This book addresses a potential radiation incident caused by the war in Ukraine, from an interdisciplinary approach of medical, nuclear safety and security, nuclear research, geostrategic and population's resilience perspectives. The book also address the key role played by NATO in identifying new solutions for stabilizing the region, while also focusing on the emergency preparedness in order to ensure that adequate capabilities and capacity are in place which can be mobilized in response to a radiation emergency.

Russia's military invasion in Ukraine is considered the most serious security crisis in Central and Eastern Europe since the end of the Cold War, with major implications for the regional security environment and NATO.

Since the very beginning of Russia's illegal military invasion in Ukraine the Heads of State and Government of the member countries of the North Atlantic Alliance condemned the invasion and demand that Russia should stop and withdraw its forces from Ukraine, being deeply concerned that the violence and insecurity in the region caused by Russia are determining a critical humanitarian situation and material destruction all over Ukraine.

Moreover, after invading Ukraine, Russian army took control of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, in early March, 2022. Since then, Russian military units guard the facility and, after Russian President Vladimir Putin annexed up to 18% of Ukraine, including the area where the nuclear plant is located, he signed a decree to formalize Russian control over the plant.