The question of who wrote the works attributed to William Shakespeare has intrigued scholars, historians, and literary enthusiasts for centuries. Despite being one of the most celebrated figures in the world of literature, Shakespeare's true identity remains a subject of mystery. The sheer volume of his works, their profound depth, and the complexity of their themes have led many to wonder whether the man from Stratford-upon-Avon was truly the author of the plays and sonnets that bear his name. This uncertainty has given rise to one of the most enduring and controversial debates in literary history: the Shakespeare authorship question.

The core of this mystery lies in the limited biographical information available about Shakespeare's life. Born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, Shakespeare's early years remain largely undocumented, with no personal manuscripts or letters bearing his signature. The surviving records of his life mainly consist of legal documents, such as his marriage license, business transactions, and his will. While these historical artifacts confirm his existence and some of his professional endeavors, they provide little insight into his intellectual and literary development. For a figure of his stature, this absence of personal evidence is startling, leading some to question whether the "Stratford man" could have truly written the works attributed to him.

In the absence of definitive evidence, a number of alternative theories have emerged, suggesting that another writer, or group of writers, may have been responsible for Shakespeare's remarkable body of work. These theories have ranged from the claim that the works were penned by an aristocrat such as Francis Bacon, to the suggestion that the true author was the playwright Christopher Marlowe, whose death in 1593 has been disputed by some.