In August 1922 the Viennese composers Rudolf Réti and Egon Wellesz organized International Chamber Music Performances at the Mozarteum – and Béla Bartók, Paul Hindemith, Darius Milhaud, Ethel Smyth, Anton Webern and many other composers from fifteen countries gathered under the protectorate of the co-founder of the Salzburg Festival, Richard Strauss, to establish the first international peace project in music after the First World War. Subsequently, the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM) developed into one of the world's most prominent institutions for the promotion of contemporary music. This volume is dedicated to the institution's 100th anniversary. The International Society for Contemporary Music's long and complex history comes to life in this publication and it contributes greatly to the ongoing discussion of the Society's global network of musicians, composers, and ensembles.