A comprehensive analysis of Kenya's private health sector and policy recommendations. This World Bank Working Paper examines the Kenyan health sector, focusing on the private sector's role in improving access and quality of care. It synthesizes an assessment of the health sector with an analysis of the market, considering the legal and regulatory framework, policy enforcement, human resource capacity, and financing. The report identifies key challenges and opportunities for public-private partnerships, offering strategic recommendations for policymakers, healthcare providers, and development partners. It explores health financing, quality of care, and the distribution of health products, providing insights for a more effective and equitable health system in Kenya. This report is for policymakers, healthcare providers, researchers, and development partners interested in the Kenyan health sector.