Unlock effective state-level development strategies in large federal countries. This insightful study analyzes the World Bank's 10-year engagement in Brazil, India, Nigeria, and Russia, offering valuable lessons for policymakers and development practitioners. Explore the evolution of Bank strategies, the challenges of balancing reformist goals with poverty reduction, and the importance of public finance management. Discover how knowledge transfer and donor coordination can enhance development outcomes. This report is essential for anyone seeking to improve the effectiveness of subnational development initiatives.