Synthetic biology is an evolving area that can advance poultry science and production in achieving a more sustainable future. This chapter outlines multidisciplinary studies of synthetic biology to solve pressing problems within the poultry industry. It introduces state of art tools in synthetic biology and highlights recent advances and examples of practical implementation. The chapter reviews syntheses of proteins including enzymes by bacterial, fungal, and plant systems. It also covers application of synthesis biology to produce alternative proteins, nutrient supplements, antimicrobial peptides, and prebiotics for poultry feed. The chapter also reviews use of synthetic biology in waste valorization.