Since its discovery, psychoanalysis has been one of the defining influences of the 20th century, with a profound impact on the humanities and social sciences. However, in the public eye it is often equated with the insights of its founder, the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud. The further evolution of psychoanalysis, particularly through the works of Joseph Sandler and Melanie Klein, remains far less known to the public. This introductory text, tailored for the curious layperson, aims to bridge this knowledge gap. It combines elements of psychoanalytic theory with numerous practical treatment and therapy examples.