Modern biotechnology excels the molecular techniques that use whole or parts of living organisms to produce or improve commercial products and processes. It is a rapidly evolving branch of natural sciences which started with the creation of the first recombinant gene thirty years ago. These techniques are used in many different ways, changing the way we live by improving the foods we eat, the beverages we drink, the clothes we wear, and the medicines we take. Modern Biotechnology encompass a continuously evolving methods or materials, from molecular techniques for generating energy to non-toxic cleaning products. It is that innovation which reduces waste by changing patterns of production and consumption through DNA engineering.The book Modern Biotechnology and its Applications in carries 32 chapters and covers most of the tools and technology developed by our distinguished scientists mainly focusing, how to save the planet Earth through production and productivity by applying the knowledge of modern technology.The objective of the book is to highlight the exploration and development of biotechnological tools and techniques for the social welfare.