The book summarizes the results of research on developments and experimental studies regarding cellular and tissue-engineered medical products (CTMP), including the results of original research conducted by its authors, as an alternative or temporary replacement for organ transplantation. The problems of choosing the scaffolds as extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetics and the sources of the CTMP cellular components, and finding optimal conditions for cell culturing while preserving their viability are considered. The possibility of using CTMPs both to stimulate the internal regeneration of the damaged tissue of cartilage, liver or pancreas, and to grow their tissue equivalents in a bioreactor is shown in corresponding experimental models. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the role of a multicomponent hydrogel and tissue-specific ECM mimetics in the functional effectiveness of CTMPs for stimulating internal regeneration or replacing the functions of damaged liver, pancreas and cartilage tissues was carried out. The book's important advantage for specialists is its abundance of specific examples.