The dynamic development of biotechnologies and the deepening knowledge of natural and information sciences expand the possibilities of human modification. In this book, the ideas of transhumanism and posthumanism are analyzed from several philosophical perspectives, examining their overlap with artistic expression. The possible ontological, ethical, and social implications associated with the fulfillment of transhumanist and posthumanist visions are explored, as well as the validity of traditional philosophical concepts under these new conditions. Additionally, the influence of transhumanist and posthumanist ideas on literary, visual, cinematic, and digital art is analyzed, and interpretative possibilities are explored.