The Singapore Lecture series was inaugurated in 1980 by the ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) with a founding endowment from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), and augmented by a generous donation in 1983 from ExxonMobil Asia Pacific. The Singapore Lecture is one of the intellectual highlights of Singapore. It provides an opportunity for distinguished statesmen and leaders to reach a wider audience in Singapore. The presence of such eminent personalities will allow members of the civil service, business community, diplomatic corps, academic community, media, and other interested parties, the opportunity to hear from leading world figures speak on topics of international and regional interest.The 45th Singapore Lecture was delivered by His Excellency José Ramos-Horta, President of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, on 8 December 2022, under the distinguished Chairmanship of Dr Vivian Balakrishnan, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Singapore.