Quantum Computing is an innovative and rapidly evolving field, centering on the development of computer-based technologies centered around the principles of quantum theory. Quantum theory explains the nature and behavior of matter and energy at its most elementary levels — the quantum, or subatomic, level (1). It is within these quantum realms that quantum computing finds its core.

Unlike classical computers, which use bits as the smallest unit of data, Quantum computers use quantum bits or 'qubits.' A classical computer bit can exist in one of two states – 0 or 1. However, a qubit can exist in both states simultaneously, owing to a quantum property called 'superposition.' This property allows quantum computers to process a large number of possibilities all at once. Imagine working on a maze puzzle, while a classical computer will attempt one route in the maze at a time, a quantum computer can explore all possible routes simultaneously (2).