The menstrual cycle is a natural process that occurs in reproductive-age individuals with a uterus. It involves a series of hormonal and physical changes that prepare the body for potential pregnancy each month. The cycle typically lasts about 28 days, although variations are common. During this time, the ovaries release an egg, known as ovulation, which travels down the fallopian tube. If the egg is fertilized by sperm, it may result in pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, the uterine lining sheds, leading to menstruation. The menstrual cycle is regulated by various hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, and can be accompanied by various physical and emotional symptoms, including cramps, bloating, mood changes, and breast tenderness. Understanding the menstrual cycle can help individuals track their fertility, manage their reproductive health, and make informed decisions about contraception or family planning.