Extinction of Indigenous People continues to happen around the globe. Over the centuries "civilized" cultures and their government actions have reduced native community. Ishi from the United States and Tanaru from Brazil, illustrate this population's historic struggle. A century and worlds between them, there are similarities that culminate with their death. Their story and legacy are disturbing but inspire compassion, awareness, action and hope of future improvements.

Ishi was a Yahi Indian that lived over 150 years ago. He was born around 1860's in the Northern region of the State of California, United States. The Yahi tribe, part of the Yana nation, populated the southernmost area around Mount Lassen.

Tanaru was a native tribesman of Brazil. It is estimated that he was born around 1962 in the State of Rondônia. He became recognized worldwide as "Hole Man", "Hole Indian" or "Tanaru Indian" due to his tribe's practice of digging holes on their territory and inside their dwellings. His tribe lived in the Amazon rainforest, isolated from the civilized world.

Ishi and Tanaru were the only survivors of their tribes. Their similarities and differences, informs about the damage done to indigenous populations and raises awareness for future actions to curb recurring extinction of Indigenous People.