This book supports research in the field of thermoluminescence (TL) on some topics that have not been sufficiently studied or not covered at all in the large number of publications on the TL phenomenon. Some general aspects of the TL phenomenon are discussed, such as its explanation through the band model, its kinetics, and some applications, the analysis of a glow peak by determining the kinetic parameters and their relationship with temperature, the determination of the half-life of a peak in the glow curve, the main preparation methods of TL materials and some properties of the most studied TL materials, and the TL response of irradiated foods to investigate whether a certain type of food has been irradiated or not. Therefore, this book aims to provide real support to researchers, students, and personnel involved in dosimetry applied to radiation protection, medical physics, and food irradiation.