The Eighth International Symposium on Assessment in Music Education was a virtual event jointly hosted by the University of Florida and the Hochschule für Musik, Theater und Medien Hannover from May 14–24, 2021. The symposium brought together over 100 participants from 17 nations across six continents and 29 U.S. states to learn of each other's work, establish collaborations and professional networks, and shape new directions for research in this important area of music education. The papers published in this volume illustrate current scholarship in the theory, practice, and policy of music education assessment across the world in local, state, and national contexts. In addition, this collection contains a summary of an important international working session focused on developing shared meaning and language to facilitate international discussions of assessment and related topics in music education. As music educators across the world come to terms with increased expectations for accountability of learning in music, the scholars and practitioners who have contributed to this volume provide insight to guide their work.